The former player: 'I really wanted to continue my rugby career'
Warning: This piece includes details of discriminatory comments and conduct
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell states that speaking out to reveal racism in rugby union led his career to an early conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the game, showing Whatsapp messages and recalling training ground "jokes" he had been exposed to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to end my career because of what went on," he told media outlets.
"I really hoped to continue competing, naturally I did. I pursued that, and it fell through when word emerged that there were investigations underway.
"That was difficult - I had to simply accept the outcome and accept that this whole situation is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization report in April 2023 found Burrell's allegations were accurate "on the balance of probability", but stated it could not gather enough proof to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was controversially excluded for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told journalists he also encountered discrimination within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I have had several distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the issue that I've personally suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a extended period you just begin to think that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was finally spurred to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "slave" and told him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "increased scrutiny at the environment within the professional level and to the implementation of an action plan for the professional game."
"The organization has placed considerable attention on inclusion and inclusion in rugby union and a great deal of work completed both prior and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his encounters of racism and classism," it continued.
"The organization are ongoing work with clubs and stakeholders in the elite level to work for a culture of inclusivity but recognize this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
Every Prem and women's rugby club now has face-to-face training on building inclusive cultures, with its success tracked via individual reports and feedback.
All England players, including youth squads, are trained in being "active bystanders" to step in and defend others from harmful behaviour.
"You be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this impact on you and finished your career, but in our eyes, you have done so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's dad Geoff passed away shortly after the production of the film, and his sibling died earlier this year.
Burrell, who was raised on a council estate in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the sport more open.
His 12 Foundation works to reach young people in under-served communities and support them thrive on and off the field with free sports training, mentoring and dietary education.
"My intentions are pure, I want to see the progress of the game and if nobody else is willing to share their story then I'll continue to advocate for that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he explained.
"We have an obligation to make the game as great as it can be and the longer I talk about it perhaps the more comfortable fellow players will feel about sharing their own stories as well.
"I grab the challenge by the horns and keep bearing this flag and continue carrying this weight and do what I can to create possibilities and make the game more attractive and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of poverty and I sincerely think that the sport has the ability to change their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in late 2022